CHINA EXPERIENCE
Nestled at the confluence of the Yuanjiang and Wushui rivers in Huaihua, Hunan province, Hongjiang Ancient Commercial Town was once a major trading hub connecting Hunan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Sichuan. Known as the “Metropolis of Southwest China” and the “First Ancient Commercial Town in China”, it preserves more than 380 historical buildings dating from the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368-1911) to the Republic of China period (1912-49). Its distinctive layout of “seven lanes, eight alleys and nine streets” shapes the maze-like ancient town with stone-paved slopes lined with fortress-like yinzilou residences. High brick walls, few exterior windows and central courtyards reflect ingenious designs for ventilation, lighting, fire prevention and security, while intricate carvings, stone sculptures, firefighting water vats and historical plaques add to the town’s timeless charm.
Yet Hongjiang is far from a museum frozen in time. More than 200 shops and stalls continue to bring the old commercial quarter to life, with restaurants, guesthouses, cultural stores and intangible cultural heritage experiences welcoming visitors. After dark, the streets take on a new atmosphere, illuminated for nighttime exploration as red lanterns glow against traditional buildings. Explore former banks, escort agencies (providing armed security services for merchants) and tax offices, watch immersive performances such as The Rise of the Commercial Town and A Matchmaking Proposal at the Qin Residence, and sample local specialties. It is a chance to step into the world of Hongjiang’s historical merchants while experiencing a vibrant town where the past remains part of everyday life.
Who it’s for
A rewarding destination for history buffs, travelers interested in Chinese commercial heritage, culture seekers and anyone curious about the evolution of trade and business in China.
Best time to visit
Summer brings lively festivals and outdoor performances, while the Spring Festival season features special cultural and tourism programs, including the Hongfu Hongjiang New Year celebrations.
Don’t miss
1. Explore the world of Hongjiang’s merchants: Step inside historical buildings such as Shengfeng Bank, Zhongyi Escort Agency that provided armed security for merchants, the Lijin Bureau (a Qing Dynasty tax office), Tianjun Theater and Shaoxing Troupe, and catch a live performance. At Xufulong Merchant House, you can still see tools and equipment once used in the town’s tung-oil trade.
2. Marvel at the fortress-like yinzilou: These distinctive residences feature high walls, windowless exteriors and central courtyards, reflecting the Hongjiang merchants’ traditional wisdom of protecting and preserving their wealth.
3. Watch immersive live performances: Don’t miss nighttime productions such as The Rise of the Commercial Town and A Matchmaking Proposal at the Qin Residence, which bring the town’s colorful commercial history to life.
4. Taste local flavors: Try Hongjiang blood glutinous rice duck, a local specialty made by braising duck with glutinous-rice blood cakes. The town’s many snack stalls and restaurants offer plenty of other regional dishes to discover.
Before you go
1. The town can get busy during peak seasons and public holidays. Visit early in the morning for a quieter and more relaxed experience.
2. Wear comfortable walking shoes, as the historical stone-paved streets can be uneven.
3. In summer, bring sun protection and stay hydrated. Spring and autumn are generally more comfortable for walking, though a light jacket is recommended.
Practical essentials
Address: Xinmin Lu, Yuanjiang Lu subdistrict, Hongjiang district, Huaihua, Hunan province
Opening hours: 8 am-5:30 pm
Getting there:
By public transport: Take a high-speed train to Huaihua South Railway Station. From the Huaihua Comprehensive Transport Hub on the west side of the station, take the dedicated tourist shuttle bus to Hongjiang Ancient Commercial Town Visitor Center. The journey takes approximately 70-90 minutes, with tickets costing around 30 yuan ($4.45)/person.
By car: Search for “Hongjiang Ancient Commercial Town (洪江古商城)” in your navigation app. Roads inside the historical town are narrow, so visitors arriving by car should park at designated parking areas outside the old town.